Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasing in the UK with around 200,000 new cases a year. Over the past 13 years the actual standardised AF incidence rose by 17%, a study published in Heart has found. Early diagnosis of AF remains key to instigating effective thromboprophylaxis and reducing the potential morbidity and mortality associated with the thromboembolic complications of this common arrhythmia. The study authors conclude: ‘Greater awareness of the increasing incidence of AF in the elderly may lead to increased monitoring for new onset AF in elderly patients in primary care settings and when hospitalised for reasons other than AF. This in turn may facilitate earlier institution of therapy to prevent secondary thromboembolism.’