Practice nurse-led structured care of adult patients with chronic or recurrent depression achieved a modest improvement in functional impairment but did not significantly improve depression scores or quality of life, a randomised controlled trial has found. The ProCEED (proactive care and its evaluation for enduring depression) trial recruited participants from 42 general practices throughout the UK. Overall, 276 patients were allocated to the control group (GP treatment as usual) and 282 to the proactive care intervention.